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Auxiliary Verb (Group 2)
| Someone does something as a favour to the first person or to someone with whom the speaker empathises. | Do something (for me or someone); do me or someone a favour by doing something |
| 【Related Expression: あげる2; くれる1; もらう2】 |
(ksa). 父は私にカメラを買って呉れた・呉れました。
My father bought a camera for me.
(ksb). 道男は私を慰めて呉れた・呉れました。
Michio consoled me.
| Vて | くれる | |
| 話してくれる | Someone (will) talks for my sake | |
| 食べてくれる | Someone (will) eats for my sake |
(a). 母は(私に)ケーキを焼いて呉れた。
My mother baked a cake for me.
(b). ウォーカーさんは私の息子に英語を教えて呉れている。
Ms. Walker is kindly teaching my son English.
(c). 子供達は(あなたに)何をして呉れましたか。
What did your children do for you?
1. くれる is used as an auxiliary verb with Verbて. The meaning of Verbてくれる is "someone does the first person (or someone with whom the speaker empathizes) a favor by doing something". Like sentences with くれる as a main verb, sentences with Verbてくれる are stated from the viewpoint of the person who receives the favor and the receiver must be the first person or someone the speaker empathizes with (usually a member of the speaker's in-group〉. Thus, (1a) is grammatical, but (1b) is not.
(⇨ くれる1)
(In the case in (1b), あげる 'give' must be used. (⇨ あげる2)) Note that if the subject is the first person, sentences with Verbてくれる are ungrammatical even if the person who receives the favor is someone the speaker empathizes with, as in (2).
(See くれる1, Note 2.)
In this case, あげる must be used.
(⇨ あげる2)
2. As in Key Sentence (B), if the person receiving the benefit of the action is the direct object, the indirect object is omitted. Therefore, (3a) and (3b) are ungrammatical.
3. If the main verb of the sentence is intransitive, the person receiving the benefit of the action is not marked by に.Therefore, (4) is ungrammatical.
In this case, の為に 'for the sake of' is used, as in (5).
(⇨ ため)
4. The polite (honorific) version of Verbてくれる is Verbてくださる. Example:
5. Note that in sentences like "Mr. A taught me ~", "Mr. A bought me ~" and "Mr. A lent me ~", which usually imply that the speaker received some sort of favor, Verbてくれる (or くださる) should be used, though in English this is not usually explicitly expressed. In Japanese, without the auxiliary verbs くれる or くださる, such sentences don't convey the idea that the speaker received a favor.
6. The indirect object is often omitted if it refers to the speaker in declarative sentences or to the hearer in interrogative sentences.
(See Key Sentence (A), Examples (a) and (c).)
【Related Expressions】
あげる, くれる and もらう and all their polite and non-polite versions are used as auxiliary verbs with Verbて. (Auxiliary verbs あげる, くれる and もらう are explained under あげる2, くれる2 and もらう2, respectively.) When these verbs are used as auxiliary verbs, the same viewpoint rules stated in くれる1 Related Expression I apply, except that there is no neutral viewpoint.